The Totalitarian Systems That Changed Lives Essay

In this essay I will be writing about the totalitarian systems and how they changed people’s lives. I am going to look into detail about the totalitarian systems, their facts, their main structures, how they came to power, why they came to power and what changed after they were abolished in two specific countries. A totalitarian system or totalitarianism, as its name states ‘total’, is a form of government where the state keeps public, cultural and other aspects of life under strict control. The totalitarian systems that I will focus on and that are most â€Å"famous† are Nazism in Germany and Communism in Soviet Russia. There were also other similar totalitarian regimes which I will not be talking about. Communism is the first totalitarian†¦show more content†¦There were a lot of bad things Stalin did that was bad but it got worse later on. How do we know that Stalin’s Russia was communist? The country controlled the media, culture, public life, limited human rights and persecuted its enemies. These are signs of a totalitarian state with a totalitarian regime. It was also censorship. Censorship is when a state controls all aspects of human lives and covers the truth and bad sides of the state to make it look good and â€Å"the best†. In censorship, the country rewrites the newspapers, radio is corrupted and children in schools are taught wrong and are lied to. As in other totalitarian systems, nobody was allowed to have his own opinion. If you said something about Stalin that was bad or didn’t reflect him in a good way, then you were sent to his labor camps or Gulags in Siberia. Basically, you were not allowed to think with your own brain. In communism, like in other totalitarian regimes, order was kept through the army and more effectively, the police. Stalin had his own secret police, the KGB. Order was also kept through murder, exile and arrests. Stalin’s regime lasted from 1924 – 1953. Stalin, like other leaders, used propaganda to brainwash his population. There were posters on streets, statues etc. He also used cult of personality which is the excessive glorification of a single person which is stimulated by the government and does not exist. It is said that 20 million people lost their lives during Stalin’s rule. ArguablyShow MoreRelatedTwo Totalitarian Regimes: Communism and Nazism Essay947 Words   |  4 PagesTwo totalitarian regimes which are both political systems and influenced society significantly are Communism and Nazism. They influenced and changed people’s rights, their views on things and people in general. Communism and Nazism are the two totalitarian systems I’m going to talk about. They were spread in different areas, but both of them caused big consequences. Communism started in Russian and spread around in Eastern Europe and Nazism started in Germany and spread in that area. People haveRead MoreDramtic Changes in the Sovi et Union After Stalins Death1181 Words   |  5 Pageshas been a defining factor in how the country is run. Totalitarianism has been an easy way to classify the Stalinist government under the state. When Stalin died the state dramatically changed. Through the Khrushchev and Brezhnev periods the USSR did not remain a totalitarian state. Under Stalin existed a totalitarian state. Totalitarianism is define as a state that has an official ideology, mass party rule, terroristic police control, monopoly control of the means of communication, central directionRead MoreThe Role Of Pigs In Animal Farm By George Orwell1031 Words   |  5 PagesThey then create the seven commandments which the animals are supposed to live by. These were created to keep peace on the farm, but the pigs slowly changed them in their favor over the course of the story. These changes represent and symbolize how governments slowly change ideas to help the upper class of any nation. The changes in the first, sixth, and seventh commandments show how the pigs represent a corrupted and totalitarian government. The first commandment started as saying that anything thatRead MoreFrom the Russian Empire to the Soviet Union Essay1354 Words   |  6 Pagessociety: changes in the type government, the basis of economy, increase in nationalism, as well as the role of religion while the plight of the lower class stayed the same. Russia changes from an empire ruled by tsardom to a totalitarian government and then to a totalitarian state. From the time of 1801 to 1917, Russia was governed by autocratic and enlightened tsars such as Nicholas I and Alexander III. Both feared rebellions and justified their arbitrary use of power with censorship. However, afterRead MoreEssay on George Orwells 19841430 Words   |  6 Pagesof the book. These symbols reflect the theme that a totalitarian government does not allow freedom. The goal is to control the thoughts, the hearts and the minds of the population. Those that are different are centred out to be changed and if they cannot be changed they are eliminated. Free thought is not free. The price for free thinking can be your life. Winston, the protagonist, is a free thinker who has rejected the norms of the totalitarian regime, but to survive he must pretend for a largeRead MoreMass Society Theory Essay627 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Mass Society Theory Comprised a vast workforce of people who lived isolated and unfulfilled lives. They were slaves to jobs, bosses and living in crowded urban settings . Their lives were consistent with Marx’s â€Å"alienated masses† Scholars blamed the media for the rise of fascism History of Mass Society Theory During the 1920’s, Hearst and Pulitzer changed their ways and became serious about reporting the news The American Society of Newspaper Editors formed and pledged toRead MoreTotalitarian Government And Totalitarian Governments952 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment as well. While we current live under a democracy, not too long ago did some people believe that totalitarian government are the best system to use. In this context, a totalitarian government is one in which there is only one person who is in power who has complete dominance over the state. Germany, Russia, and Italy all had totalitarian governments and each had their own justification for the system. Germany has one of the most prolific totalitarian governments in history. Adolf HitlerRead MoreThe Quotes From Winston s Diary912 Words   |  4 PagesThe quote from Winston’s diary in 1984 illustrates the acts of rebellion he has towards the â€Å"totalitarian† government in Oceania. Winston’s urge to challenge the political regime that rules the all of Airstrip One, as he sometimes, have the flash back from the past and through his fantasies, he envision the future without the totalitarian government. Winston, however, is craving for freedom of being in a world where people are not being watched, and where they can act, feel and do whatever they desireRead MoreTotalitarian Leaders: Stalin, Marx, and Mustapha Mond Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagesevery aspect of life from the color the citizens wear to the job that is assigned to each person. This is an example of a totalitarian government. The word Totalitarian is defined as â€Å"An adjective of or having t o do with a government controlled by one political group which suppress all opposition, often with force, and which controls many aspects of people’s lives. A totalitarian government usually regulates what goods are produced by industry, what radio and television programs are broadcast, whatRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Dangers Of Power Through A Totalitarian Government1186 Words   |  5 PagesWhen an author writes a novel, the theme is the recurring lesson or message that is either symbolically hidden or boldly stated throughout the story. While writing 1984, George Orwell strongly displayed the theme of the dangers of power through a totalitarian government. Not only were Orwell’s ideas of corruption in an all-powerful government portrayed in his novel, 1984, but comparisons can be made with the story’s points of a spying authority, keeping the lower class ignorant, and an unscrupulous

Web Conferencing Programs Free Essays

Corporate Memos Dawn Cramer Technical Writing Fundamentals January 14, 2013 Nancy Delain MEMORANDUM Date: January 14, 2013 To: Manager From: Dawn Cramer Subject: Web Conferencing Programs Earlier you asked me to research web conferencing programs in order to hold weekly status meetings. I have found several programs that will work but based on my findings I believe that the best choice would be Infinite Conferencing. The following points summarizes why I chose this program. We will write a custom essay sample on Web Conferencing Programs or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1. The number of participants that can be accommodated is 1,000. The ability to transfer files and record the meetings. No required installation to take up memory as well as specific application control and user authentication. 2. The cost is very low and there is remote and IT support as well as Email and instant chat support. There are two types of manuals available either an online manual or a PDF manual. | Infinite Conferencing| InterCall| ClickMeeting| Ready Talk| Adobe Connect Pro| Monthly Price| $35. 00| $42. 00| $10. 00| $49. 00| $55. 00| No Required Installation | yes| no| yes| yes| Yes| 128-Bit AES Encryption| yes| yes| no| yes| yes| Maximum Web Attendees | 1000| 125| 1000| 25| 50| File Transfer| yes| yes| yes| yes| Yes| Record Meetings| yes| yes| yes| yes| yes| Support| yes| yes| yes| yes| yes| Online/PDF Manuals | yes| yes| yes| yes| yes| The reason that I did not choose InterCall is because the maximum web attendee is only 125 and they require an installation. Another reason I did not chose this program is because the cost is higher. The reason I did not choose ClickMeeting is because there is no encryption to protect company information even though the cost is much lower. The reason I did not choose Ready Talk is because the maximum web attendee is only 25 people and the cost is even higher. These are the same reasons that I did not choose Adobe Connect Pro even with the maximum web attendee at 50 people. References: Infinite. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. infiniteconferencing. com/services/web_conferencing. php Find the Best. (2013). Retrieved from http://web-conferencing. findthebest. com/ Tech Media network. (2013). Top Ten Reviews. Retrieved from http://web-conferencing-services. toptenreviews. com/ How to cite Web Conferencing Programs, Papers

Nutrition and Ideal Body Weight free essay sample

?Obesity is a growing epidemic in the United States. It can cause many health problems in individuals, but it is also a preventable condition. Many people rely on genetics as an excuse for obesity, but research tells us that many other factors play a part in this condition. Many myths regarding obesity exist, and it is important to be able to separate the truth from fiction. There is more than one cause for obesity, and in return there are many ways of preventing it as well. First of all, what is obesity? Obesity is an abnormal accumulation of body fat, usually 20% or more over an individual’s ideal body weight. Many Americans don’t realize this, but obesity can cause many serious health issues such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. These are some of the leading causes of preventable death. If more Americans were empowered with the knowledge of this disease and how to prevent it, many individuals would be able to stop premature death. We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition and Ideal Body Weight or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Obesity is common, serious, and costly. According to the CDC (center for disease control and prevention), more than one-third of U. S. adults (35%) are obese. Non-Hispanic blacks have the highest age-adjusted rates of obesity (49. 5%) compared with Mexican Americans (40. 4%), all Hispanics (39. 1%), and non-Hispanic whites (34. 3%). Statistics do not tell us why some races appear to have a tendency towards obesity over others, but they do tell us that all races are affected nonetheless. Research also tells us that there are a few main components that lead to obesity in adults. The two main factors that contribute to obesity are having a poor diet and a lack of physical exercise. A person suffering from obesity typically consumes more calories than their body can burn, and the body stores excess calories as fat. Recent studies suggest that the amount of fat within the food may contribute to obesity more than the amount of calories present. Fat calories are immediately stored, whereas other foods are burned as fuel for the body. In addition to poor dietary habits, people who have little physical activity in their daily routines tend to be obese more often than those who live a more active lifestyle. It is very easy to fall into a lifestyle that may cause diabetes. There is a fast food restaurant on every corner for any American’s convenience. Activities outside of work or school can easily consist of television, social media, or video games. Although these actions may seem gratifying after a long day of hard work, they are actually harmful and can cause obesity if done on a regular basis. However, obesity can be prevented by following two simple steps. Eating habits play a huge part in preventing obesity. Maintaining a healthy diet can help one avoid obesity and the other health concerns it may cause. People who consume a variety of grains, fruits, protein, vegetables, lean meats, and drink a lot of water tend to not be obese. This is because these foods break down in the body as fuel and are not stored as fat compared to foods that are high in sugars or saturated fats. Balancing the number of calories one consumes is also very important to prevent obesity. This is not to say that is wrong to indulge in fatty foods or sweets. This is simply stating that research tells us that Americans who balance the amount of calories that are in the foods they consume tend to not be obese. Lastly, understanding what one’s ideal body weight should be is also helpful in preventing obesity. Individuals can find this information from their doctor. In addition to incorporating a healthy diet, an individual that wants to prevent obesity should also maintain a routine that includes physical activity. There are many options for reaching the recommended amount of weekly exercise. Once could choose to indulge in 150 or 75 minutes of moderate aerobic activity and muscle strengthening activities 2 or more days a week. Another option would be to combine a mixture of the two. Many people are very busy with work or home requirements, but working in physical activity wherever possible will help prevent obesity. Research shows that even if the amount of physical activity is broken down into small chunks of time rather than all at once, it still helps one lead a healthy lifestyle as long as it is done on a regular basis . Many factors can contribute to obesity in adults. Poor diet and exercise choices are the most common causes of obesity. However, obesity and the other health concerns it can cause is very much preventable. People who have diets that are rich in protein, fruits, vegetables, water, and low in fat tend be at a healthy weight. Paired with a proper diet, individuals who exercise on a regular basis tend to not be obese. These Americans are generally much healthier overall. There is a wealth of information to help those who are struggling with their weight, but it will take time and dedication to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

U.S. History Spanish-Amerincan War Essays - Theodore Roosevelt

U.S. History Spanish-Amerincan War U.S. History Spanish-Amerincan War With the assassination of President McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, not quite 43, became the youngest President in the Nation's history. He brought new excitement and power to the Presidency, as he vigorously led Congress and the American public toward progressive reforms and a strong foreign policy. He took the view that the President as a steward of the people should take whatever action necessary for the public good unless expressly forbidden by law or the Constitution. I did not usurp power, he wrote, but I did greatly broaden the use of executive power. Teddy's years as a child were not all gasping for breath. Teddy was a very curious child. He loved to go outside into the woods and watch and study birds and the surrounding wildlife. He liked to record data about the animals, and enjoyed experimenting. When he grew up, he wrote books about nature, and went on trips to the mountains of New York often. Teddy and his father believed Teddy could overcome his sickness. Mr. Roosevelt set up a gym in the Roosevelt's house. Teddy worked out more and more, and after a while began to get stronger. But none of this happened overnight. When Teddy went to Harvard for college, he and a friend published a book called Summer Birds of The Adirondacks. During college, Teddy also was deeply saddened when his father died on February 9, 1877. On October 27, 1880, Theodore Roosevelt walked down the aisle. He got married to Alice Lee. Theodore also went to Columbia University Law School. He also wrote a book called The Naval War of 1812. He went to balls and opera's. And was a very busy man. In 1883, Theodore went West for a year. When came back from the trip, a new baby girl was born. Unfortunately, soon after the baby was born, on February 14, in the early morning, Teddy's beloved mother died. If that were not enough, Alice died of Kidney Disease that afternoon. Teddy, still grieving from the loss of Alice and his mother, went to the Dakota Territories for several years. He later said that he wouldn't have been the same if it wasn't for the years he spent in the Dakota Territories. When he got back from the Dakota's he married Edith Carow. In the Spanish-American war in 1898, Theodore was the commander of a cavalry known as The Rough Riders. His work there helped him become elected as the Governor of New York the same year. During the Spanish-American War, Roosevelt was lieutenant colonel of the Rough Rider Regiment, which he led on a charge at the battle of San Juan. He was one of the most conspicuous heroes of the war. Boss Tom Platt, needing a hero to draw attention away from scandals in New York State, accepted Roosevelt as the Republican candidate for Governor in 1898. Roosevelt won and served with distinction. As President, Roosevelt held the ideal that the Government should be the great arbiter of the conflicting economic forces in the Nation, especially between capital and labor, guaranteeing justice to each and dispensing favors to none. Roosevelt emerged spectacularly as a trust buster by forcing the dissolution of a great railroad combination in the Northwest. Other antitrust suits under the Sherman Act followed. Roosevelt steered the United States more actively into world politics. He liked to quote a favorite proverb, Speak softly and carry a big stick. . . . Aware of the strategic need for a shortcut between the Atlantic and Pacific, Roosevelt ensured the construction of the Panama Canal. His corollary to the Monroe Doctrine prevented the establishment of foreign bases in the Caribbean and arrogated the sole right of intervention in Latin America to the United States. He won the Nobel Peace Prize for mediating the Russo-Japanese War, he also reached a Gentleman's Agreement on immigration with Japan, and he sent the Great White Fleet on a goodwill tour of the world. Some of Theodore Roosevelt's most effective achievements were in conservation. He added enormously to the national forests in the West, reserved lands for public use, and fostered great irrigation projects. He crusaded endlessly on matters big and small, exciting audiences with his high-pitched voice, jutting jaw, and pounding fist. The life of strenuous endeavor was a must for those around him, as

10 Fascinating Facts About Stink Bugs

10 Fascinating Facts About Stink Bugs Stink bugs arent particularly beloved bugs, but that doesnt mean they arent interesting insects. Take a few minutes to learn more about their natural history and unusual behaviors, and see if you agree. Here are 10 fascinating facts about stink bugs. 1.Stink bugs do, indeed, stink. Yes, its true, stink bugs stink. When a stink bug feels threatened, it releases a pungent substance from special glands on its last thoracic segment, repelling nearly any predator that has a sense of smell (or functioning chemoreceptors). If you want a demonstration of this insects infamous skill, give a stink bug a gentle squeeze between your fingers, holding it along its sides. Before you condemn stink bugs for their pungent habit, you should know that all kinds of insects put up a stink when disturbed, including those well-loved ladybugs. 2.Some stink bugs help control pests. Though most stink bugs are plant feeders and many are significant agricultural pests, not all stink bugs are bad. Stink bugs in the subfamily Asopinae are predators of other insects, and play an important role in keeping plant pests under control. The spined soldier bug (Podisus maculiventris) is easy to identify thanks to the prominent points or spines extending from its shoulders. Welcome this beneficial predator into your garden, where it will feed on leaf beetle larvae, caterpillars, and other problem pests. 3.Stink bugs are really bugs. Taxonomically speaking, that is. The word bug is often used as a nickname for insects in general, and even for non-insect arthropods like spiders, centipedes, and millipedes. But any entomologist will tell you that the term bug actually refers to members of a specific order or group of insects – the Order Hemiptera. These insects are properly known as true bugs, and the group includes all manner of bugs, from bed bugs to plant bugs to stink bugs. 4.Some stink bug mothers (and a few fathers) guard their young. Some species of stink bugs exhibit parental care of their offspring. The stink bug mother will stand guard over her cluster of eggs, aggressively defending them from predators and acting as a shield to dissuade parasitic wasps from attempting to lay eggs in them. Shell usually stick around after her nymphs hatch, too, at least for the first instar. A recent study noted two stink bug species in which the fathers guarded the eggs, a decidedly unusual behavior for male insects. 5.Stink bugs belong to the family Pentatomidae, meaning five parts. William Elford Leach chose the name Pentatomidae for the stink bug family in 1815. The word derives from the Greek pente, meaning five, and tomos, meaning sections or cuttings. Theres some disagreement today about whether Leach was referring to the stink bugs 5-segmented antennae, or to the 5 sides of its shield-shaped body. But whether or not we know Leachs original intent, you now know two of the traits that will help you identify a stink bug. 6.A stink bugs worst enemy is a tiny, parasitic wasp. Though stink bugs are fairly good at repelling predators with the sheer force of their stink, this defensive strategy doesnt do much good when it comes to deterring parasitic wasps. There are all kinds of teeny wasps that love to lay their eggs in stink bug eggs. The wasp young parasitize the stink bug eggs, which never hatch. A single adult wasp can parasitize several hundred stink bug eggs. Studies show that egg mortality can reach well over 80% when egg parasitoids are present. The good news (for farmers, not for stink bugs) is that parasitic wasps can be used as effective biocontrols for pest stink bug species. 7.Stink bug sex isnt particularly romantic. Stink bug males arent the most romantic blokes. A courting stink bug male will touch the female with his antennae, working his way to her nether end. Sometimes, hell head butt her a little to get her attention. If shes willing, shell lift her hind end a bit to show her interest. If she isnt receptive to his overture, the male may use his head to push her bum up, but he risks being kicked in the head if she really doesnt like him. Stink bug mating occurs in an end-to-end position, and can last for hours. During this time, the female often drags the male around behind her as she continues to feed. 8.Some stink bugs are brilliantly colored. While many stink bugs are masters of disguise camouflaged in shades of green or brown, many some bugs are quite flamboyant and showy. If you love to photograph colorful insects, look for the harlequin bug (Murgantia histrionica) in its vibrant orange, black, and white costume. Another beauty is the two-spotted stink bug (Perillus bioculatus), wearing the familiar red and black warning colors with unusual flair. For a subtler but equally stunning specimen, try a red-shouldered stink bug (Thyanta spp.), with its faint rosy stripe along the top of the scutellum. 9.Young stink bugs suck on their eggshells after hatching. When they first hatch from their barrel-shaped eggs, stink bug nymphs remain huddled together around the broken eggshells. Scientists believe these first instar nymphs suck on secretions on the eggshells to acquire needed gut symbionts. A study of this behavior in the Japanese common plataspid stinkbug (Megacopta punctatissima) revealed that these symbionts affect nymph behavior. Young stink bugs that didnt get adequate symbionts after hatching tended to wander away from the group. 10.Stink bug nymphs are gregarious (at first). Stink bug nymphs usually remain gregarious for a short period of time after hatching, as they begin to feed and molt. You can still find third instar nymphs hanging out together on their favorite host plant, but by the fourth instar, they usually disperse. Sources Stink Bugs, by Blake Newton, University of Kentucky Entomology Department. Accessed online February 6, 2015.Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America, by Eric R. Eaton and Kenn Kaufman.Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2nd edition, edited by John L. Capinera.First cases of exclusive paternal care in stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), by Gustavo S. Requena, Tais M. Nazareth, Cristiano F. Schwertner, and Glauco Machado, Zoologi, December 2010. Accessed online February 6, 2015.Stink Bug Egg Parasitoids, by Blake Layton and Scott Stewart, University of Tennessee   Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology. Accessed online February 10, 2015.Symbiont acquisition alters behaviour of stinkbug nymphs, by Takahiro Hosokawa , Yoshitomo Kikuchi , Masakazu Shimada , Takema Fukatsu, Biology Letters, February 23, 2008. Accessed online February 10, 2015.Stink Bugs of Economic Importance in America North of Mexico, by J. E. McPherson and Robert McPherson.

Spotlight on Appalachian Author Cynthia Rylant

Spotlight on Appalachian Author Cynthia Rylant Cynthia Rylant has written more than 60 childrens books since her first book was published in 1982. Her work has been honored with numerous awards, including a Newbery Medal. Rylant writes both picture books and novels for older readers. In a few cases, she has also illustrated her own books. Cynthia Rylants Early Years Cynthia Rylant was born in Virginia. After her parents divorced, Cynthia went to live with her grandparents in Cool Ridge, West Virginia, while her mother attended nursing school. When Cynthia was eight, she and her mother moved to Beaver, West Virginia. Although she went on to college and graduate school, ultimately earning a masters degree from Kent State University in Ohio, her early years had a great impact on her writing. The Appalachian Influence Cynthia Rylants first book, When I Was Young in the Mountains, is based on her life with her grandparents in the 1950s. The family lived simply, with no electricity or running water but enjoyed living in the country. The book was designated a Caldecott Honor Book for the quality of the artwork by Diane Goode that so effectively illustrated the text. The Relatives Came, illustrated by Stephen Gammell, was also a Caldecott Honor Book. It was published in 1985. Rylant went on to write other books that were set in Appalachia. Appalachia: The Voices of Sleeping Birds benefits from the fact that the illustrator, as well as the artist, grew up in Appalachia. Barry Moshers watercolors help to bring Rylants words to life. The book was published in 1991. In 1996, Silver Packages: An Appalachian Christmas Story was published. Most Popular Characters If you didnt immediately recognize Cynthia Rylants name, you will probably recognize some of the characters she has created. Four- to eight-year-olds love Poppleton, Henry and Mudge, and Mr. Putter and Tabby. Poppleton is a very large pig who has wonderful adventures in a series of books for beginning readers. Mr. Putter is an old man who adopts an old cat, Tabby. The most popular characters of all are Henry and Mudge. There are over 20 Henry and Mudge books. They are excellent for young readers in grades 1-3. Younger children enjoy them as read-aloud books. Henry is a little boy, who has no one to play with until he gets a dog. Mudge grows from a tiny puppy into a 180-pound loveable companion. While the books have illustrations like picture books, they are divided into several chapters, creating a nice transition for young readers ready for something more than picture books. Books for Children Ages 9 to 12 Cynthia Rylants books for children in grades 5-8 have also won acclaim. The topics tend to be more serious than many of her picture books. Rylant was honored with a Newbery Medal for Missing May, a story of love and coping with the death of a loved one. A Fine White Dust was also a Newbery Honor Book. Rylant now lives in the Pacific Northwest and her haunting novel The Islander is set on an island off of British Columbia.

Political Science 101 - Citation linking assignment Essay

Political Science 101 - Citation linking assignment - Essay Example The paper examines the relevance of South African interim constitution. It has related Common Law to the interim constitution. The rights asserted on the interim constitution have been critiqued against the intrinsic approach of common law. The interim constitution has risks in terms of its implications on common people. The paper tries to analyze South African interim constitution in the light of the freedom and security that the common law provided for the people. The political scenario in South Africa has been examined by the author in the light of post implementation of interim constitution. The plans to merge the provisions of Common Law into interim constitution have been analyzed in the paper. The constitutionlisation and politicization of issues which could be the implications of South African interim constitution has been is associated with Common Laws. The paper cross examines the proposals for South African interim constitution. The implications on common law have been discussed. The rights to access, accretion, and avulsion as per the nature of common law have been found to be lacking in the interim constitution. The impact of the judgments on the balance of federal and state judicial systems and its impact on the common-law process have been discussed. This paper relates Common Laws to the constitution. The paper describes common law as to be decentralized. The paper examines the history of the evolution of English Common Law; it analyzes how Roman law of Justinian and the ecclesiastical canon law have influenced the former. The paper reexamines Common Law in a historical perspective. The crucial influences that constituted Common Law have been detailed in the paper. This article traces the evolution of the executive and illustrates the historical relationship between the perceived interests of the ruling political elites and the evolution of executive power. The scope and powers of the executive

How William Wordsworth's poem She dwelt among the untrodden ways Essay

How William Wordsworth's poem She dwelt among the untrodden ways demonstrates how love elevates a person's importance and beau - Essay Example The poem is composed of three stanzas with rhyming words although the rhymes were not consistent like in the second stanza where ‘tone’ and ‘one’ are not rhyming words as opposed to ‘eye’ and ‘sky’. Such use of rhymes has set a tone that captures the reader’s thoughts to the picture the poet painted in his poem as he wove his words to express his thoughts and feelings towards his subject. Reading the poem aloud also emphasizes the effect of the rhymes in the poem, guiding the reader when to use peaks and valleys when reading orally. Though the poem is a short one, it has basically used a lot of the elements of poetry in addition to the one aforementioned. Symbolism is another strong element used in the poem that added to the beauty and depth of the meaning of the poet’s words. An example of which would be the use of the word ‘springs’ in the first stanza which connotes wisdom and life-nurturing elements. T he woman who is the subject in the poem might have been an ordinary person who lived an ordinary life but to those who have lived with her, saw her as a spring or source of wisdom and nurturing that her physical features were surpassed by those which were beautiful from within her. Metaphorically, the woman was compared to a violet that is hidden from the world’s view.

Capitalism V. Communism Essay Example for Free

Capitalism V. Communism Essay As the feudal system in Europe began crumbling with the dawn of the Industrial Revolution a void was created in the European social and economic structure, Scottish philosopher Adam Smith took it upon himself to fill this void and in 1776 published The Wealth of Nations; just as Newtons Principia Mathematica laid the foundation for modern physics so to did Adams work lay the foundation for modern economics. For the next 70 years Adams doctrine went unchallenged until Karl Marx presented his rebuttal in the Communist Manifesto. Capitalism as envisioned by Smith called for complete private control of the economy, and a small government that practiced a hands off policy. Such a system, Smith believed, would allow for the greatest amount of wealth, and as a byproduct would benefit the majority of the citizens. Capitalism quickly became the economic standard in the British Empire and post-revolutionary France and America, as well as in Germany and the Scandinavian countries as they industrialized. This switch in economic philosophy would result in an unprecedented shift in western society from chiefly agrarian to mostly urban, from feudal lords to corporate tycoons, and from frugality to consumerism. Under capitalism people for the first time in history could, on a large-scale, improve their economic and societal status through hard work and perseverance. Under this system someone like Andrew Carnegie the son of a weaver could through intelligence and determination found a corporate empire. Capitalism was and is by no means perfect, as is evident by the vast separation of wealth it creates, in America today for example according to the University of California at Santa Cruz, the top twenty percent of Americans control 85 percent of the countrys wealth. This obvious economic inequality is the greatest shortcoming of capitalism, and the primary reason for the creation of communism. Under communism the government controls every aspect of the economy and society. Communism calls for a classless society in which there is no private property and citizens work for the good of the state rather than their personal well being. The few examples of pure communist countries North Korea, Cuba, China under Zedong, and the USSR under Stalin that have been created were or still are dysfunctional states. They are characterized  by violent oppression, famines and the rise of dictators. On a smaller scale though communism has proved quite successful, a hundred and fifty years before Marx coined the term early religious sects in America, namely the Puritans and later on the Mormons, had perfected small scale communism. These settlers worked not for themselves but for the community, and proved that such a society could govern effectively. Communism at its core calls for the people to sacrifice individuality and work for the benefit of the state rather than for their personal well being. Capitalism on the other hand is focused on working for individual growth, and personal ownership to provide wealth for ones self. Communism places the economy in governments hands, while capitalism removes the government from the economy entirely. Communism sets direct demands on the work you do and what you need to produce, so others can benefit as well as you from your hard work. Communism asks the government to decide what is needed for each individual to live and be equal. The government tells the community what demands need to be meets to produce and distribute enough materials equally. Capitalism depends on supply and demand instead of quotas, in order to make sure there is not too much or too little of certain products. If there is not enough of a product wanted then the price will rise, which will in turn cause production to increase. Once there is more than enough of that product on the market, the demand will begin to drop, resulting in the price and production to drop and so on. Capitalism creates a system where peoples first concern is themselves, rather than the others, making things a personal investment instead of community investment. Communism is built on the idea that humans are inherently just, and as such will work not just for themselves, but for their countrymen as well. Capitalism is built on the idea that humans are inherently greedy and self-promoting, which will in turn lead to a great importance being placed on attaining wealth. Capitalism calls for freedom at the expense of equality while communism calls for equality and neglects liberty. Communism with its drive towards collectivization, and a classless society, clashes with the very principle that western democracies are based on individuality. Neither capitalism nor communism is ever going to be perfect for a nation, but a system that  rewards hard work and self-determination will always outdo a system that calls for dependence and mediocrity. Communism Marxism The Communist Manifesto. All About Philosophy. 9 Oct. 2008 . Capitalism. The European Enlightenment Glossary. 10 Oct. 2008 .

Othello †the Unending Popularity Essay -- Othello essays

Othello – the Unending Popularity  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   What factors within William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello can explain the undying popularity of the drama? Are such factors peculiar to the Bard? Let us take up these issues in this essay.    The ability of the audience to identify with the characters in Othello– this is of primary importance. M.H. Abrams in The Norton Anthology of English Literature attributes the dramatist’s universality to his characters as well as to the relevance of his themes:    One preliminary document in the First Folio is by Shakespeare’s great rival, critic, and opposite, Ben Jonson. In it he asserts the superiority of Shakespeare not only to other English playwrights but to the Greek and Latin masters:    Triumph, my Britain, thou hast one to show To whom all scenes of Europe homage owe. He was not of an age, but for all time!    That tribute is the first formulation of a judgment often reiterated in later periods, explaining Shakespeare’s place at the very center of the English literary canon. Many earlier critics found Shakespearean â€Å"universality† displayed in the human truth of his characters and his enduringly relevant themes (467).    Does an additional reason for the unending fame lie in the great heterogeneity of characters and scenes and actions within the play?   Robert B. Heilman in â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare† relates the universality of Shakespeare to the â€Å"innumerableness of the parts†:    But the Shakespeare completeness appears graspable and possessable to many men at odds with each other, because of the innumerableness of the parts: these parts we may consider incompletenesses, partial perspectives, and as such they correspond to the imper... ...: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Frye, Northrop. â€Å"Nature and Nothing.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Heilman, Robert B. â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare.† Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965.    Levin, Harry. General Introduction. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.         

Glendon’s criticism of current human rights discourse

Human rights are the basic rights that a person is entitled to by virtue of being a human being regardless of color, race, creed and country of origin. Many countries have been accused of violating human rights and it is for that reason that there has been put in place various watchdogs to oversee and ensure that basic human rights are not violated. Mary Ann Gledon is perhaps one of the most influential women in America as far as human rights are concerned. Besides her high qualifications as a Professor, Mary has been vocal and highly critical in the manner in which human rights laws are applied.The following discussion takes a brief overview of her criticism on the current human rights discourse . Glendon’s Rights Talk: The Impoverishment of Political Discourse is a book in which the author has criticized a great deal the application of human rights citing massive irregularities and thus abuse of human rights. Mary has in great depths criticized the courts arguing that by the ir unlimited authority to interpret the meaning of various human rights, the result has been that human rights have been individualized making people to lose responsibility for others.Besides this there is total detachment from moral standards and as an absolute right (as made to appear by the courts), is above all other considerations . Mary argues that looking at the property law many societal concerns are not put in place and thus workers and employees are left uncatered for. Mary’s general argument as far as human rights are concerned is that there is a lot deviation in implementation of these rights and thus the very purpose for which they were established is defeated . 2.What is the nature of Perry’s response to Glendon’s, and others, criticism of contemporary rights talk? Michael Perry a renowned scholar and a vocal human rights activist has in his book The Idea of Human Rights: Four Inquiries differed with Mary Glendon and has instead attempted to respon d to some of the issues raised in Mary’ book. This he has done by attempting to classify human rights in various categories . Firstly he argues that some rights that are classified under human rights actually do not apply to all but only to human beings in particular circumstances.For instance the right to vote only applies to those citizens in a particular territory but not to all human beings. Perry disagrees with Mary quite a great deal in many of the issues raised in her book and attempts to give a different approach to the same issue of human rights . 3. What refinements does Glendon suggest to current human rights discourse? Glendon feels that in order to bright order to the American system on human rights a lot of reference must be made to the European countries.She points out that the constitution and even decisions of courts of European countries are good examples of balanced human rights. This basically means that the scope would be expanded but only to the extent a nd limit where they do not interfere without concerns of the society. Conclusion To be able to arrive at the correct position we have to look at both authors critically since both have strong arguments but they also have some weaknesses in their arguments. Bibliography Glendon, Mary Ann. Rights Talk: The Impoverishment of Political Discourse:â€Å"Preface† (pages xi-xii, plus notes), and Chapter 7: â€Å"Refining the Rhetoric of Rights†, (pages 171-183, plus notes). Henry, J. Steiner. International Human Rights in Context, Oxford University Press US, 2008. Mahony, John. The Challenge of Human Rights, Wiley Black Well, 2007. Perry, Michael J. The Idea of Human Rights: Four Inquiries. Chapter 2 (pages 43-56, plus notes): â€Å"Rights Talk: What Does it Mean? And Is It Problematic? † Soohoo, Cynthia. Bringing Human Rights. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2008.

Mental Illness Paper

Mental Illness Paper Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is real illness that can be treated with medicine and therapy. When have OCD, you have recurring, upsetting thoughts (called obsessions). You repeat doing the same thing, over and over again (called compulsions) to make the thoughts go away. And, you feel like you cannot control or stop these thoughts or actions. The obsessions, or upsetting thoughts, can include things like a fear of germs, a fear of begin hurt, a fear of hurting others, and disturbing religious or sexual thoughts. The compulsions, or actions you repeat to make the thoughts go away, can be things like counting, cleanings hand washing, and checking on things. While these actions provide only short-lived relief, not doing them only increases anxiety. Many people who have OCD know that their actions often do not make sense. They may try to hide their problem from family and friends, and may have trouble keeping a job because of their actions. Without treatment, obsessions and the need to perform rituals can take over a person’s life. OCD is an anxiety disorder that can be life-long. A person with OCD can also recover and then get the illness again, or relapse. This illness affects women and men in equal numbers. Most often, OCD begins during the teenage years or early childhood, although it can start in an adult. For many years, mental health professionals thought of OCD as a rare disease because only a small minority of their patients had the condition. The disorder often went unrecognized because many of those afflicted with OCD, in efforts to keep their repetitive thoughts and behaviors secret, failed to seek treatment. This led to underestimates of the number of people with the illness. Time changes all concepts. â€Å"OCD† is no exception. In the seventeenth century, obsessions and compulsions were often described as symptoms of religious melancholy. The Oxford Don, Robert Burton, reported a case in his compendium, the Anatomy of Melancholy(1621: â€Å"If he be in a silent auditory, as at a sermon, he is afraid he shall speak aloud and unaware, something indecent, unfit to be said†. In 1660, Jeremy Taylor, bishop of Down and Connor, Ireland, was referring to obsessional doubting when he wrote of â€Å"scruples†. A scruple is trouble where the trouble is over a doubt when doubts are resolved. OCD is recognized as the fourth most common mental disorder following, in order of occurrence, substance abuse, phobias, and major depression (Spengler, Jacobi, 1998). Perhaps part of the reason for the â€Å"confusion† is that several disorders manifest ideational processes that ar e much like the obsessional thinking in OCD. People with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) also have cognitive processes that are intrusive, repetitive, and exaggerated. The difference lies in how clients view their obsessions. OCD that comes and goes some children will have one obsession or compulsion for a few months and then it will disappear. There may be no obsessions or compulsions for years, and then they might return for no apparent reason. OCD that comes, but never exactly leaves a common pattern is for a person to have a number of obsessions and compulsions which are quite severe, but which then lessen, at least for awhile. Example of OCD that comes and goes: Jody was 6; she had a little â€Å"habit†. Before she picked up anything in her hand, she would very lightly touch it once with her index finger. When her parents asked her why, Jody just said that she liked to. There were no other obsessions or compulsions. Although no one mentioned it outside of the family, Jody’s mother and father became worried when Jody’s little sister, age 3 started imitating this habit. There were about to see their family doctor about this when it started to go away and never really came back. Two years later, after no signs of OCD, Jody started counting. She thought her mother, who had a routine hysterectomy, would die if she made a mistake. She was counting and checking her counting for errors each day. Only when they were in the pediatric psychiatrist’s office did they remember the â€Å"habit† she had at age 6. For a long time OCD was thought to be an infrequent disorder. In other words, it was believed to be rare among â€Å"general population†. Now, it is estimated that over the course of a lifetime approximately 2. 5 percent of individuals will develop this disorder. For children and adolescents, it is estimated that approximately the same percentage suffers from this disorder. In fact, this figure appears to be consistent with regard to American populations and worldwide populations, as well as male and female occurrences. Clinical and animal research sponsored by NIMH (National Institute of Mental Disorders) and other scientific organizations has provided information leading to both pharmacologic and behavioral treatments that can benefit the person with OCD. One patient may benefit significantly from behavior therapy, while another will benefit from pharmacotherapy. Some others may use both medication and behavior therapy. Others may begin with medication to gain control over their symptoms and then continue with behavior therapy. Which therapy to use should be decided by the individual patient in consultation with his/her therapist? Treatment with psychotherapy includes cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and behavioral therapy. In CBT, the goal is to change how a person thinks about, and then reacts to, a situation that makes them anxious or fearful. In behavioral therapy, the focus is on changing how a person reacts to a situation. BCT or behavioral therapy most often lasts for 12 weeks. It can be group or individual therapy. A special type of behavior therapy, call exposure and response prevention, is often used with OCD. With this approach, a person is exposed to whatever triggers the obsessive thoughts. Then the person is taught ways to avoid doing the compulsive rituals, and how to deal with the anxiety. Some studies have shown that the benefits of CBT or behavioral therapy las longer than do those of medications for people with OCD. Clinical trials in recent years have shown that drugs that affect the neurotransmitter serotonin can significantly decrease the symptoms of OCD. The first of these serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) specifically approved for the use in the treatment of OCD was tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine (Anafranil). It was followed by other SRIs that are called â€Å"selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors† (SSRIs). Those that are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of OCD are fluoxetine (Prozac), fluvoxamine (Luvox), and paroxetine (Paxil). Large studies have shown that more than three-quarters of patients are helped by these medications at least a little. Another neurotransmitter is also believed to result in mental illness when it is not working properly, this neurotransmitter called nor epinephrine. Studies have revealed that individuals with OCD have an insufficient level or serotonin, one of the brain’s neurotransmitters. Other studies also reveal that some individuals with OCD have abnormalities in dopaminergic transmission. Commonly, OCD is first diagnosed when parents recognize that their young child or teenager seems preoccupied with ritualistic behaviors associated with excessive cleanliness or unusually meticulous organization, and they seek help from a mental health professional. Adults on the other hand, may seek professional help when they realize that it is becoming difficult for them to do their job or school work because they are spending too much time with their obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors. Therapists make the diagnosis of OCD by taking a careful personal history from the patient/client and any available family members, such as in the case of a young child. Although most people improve with adequate treatment, the condition can continue for many years. Primary care physician should be familiar with the various ways obsessive-compulsive disorder can present and should be able to recognize clues to the presence of obsessions or compulsions. Proper diagnosis and education about the nature of the disorder are important first steps in recovery. Treatment is rarely curative, but patients can have significant improvement in symptoms. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is chronic condition with a high rate of relapse. Discontinuation of treatment should be undertaken with caution. Patients should be closely monitored for comorbid depression and suicidal ideation. People with OCD sometimes also abuse alcohol and drugs and can have other illnesses, such as depression, eating disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or other anxiety disorders. When a person also has other illnesses, OCD is often harder to diagnose and treat. Symptoms of OCD include; having upsetting thoughts or images enter your mind again and again, washing your hands, cleaning, re-arranging objects, doing things until it feels â€Å"right,† or collecting useless objects, worrying a lot about terrible things that could happen if you are not careful. If you think you may have symptoms of OCD, visit your doctor is the best place to start. Keep in mind that it can be a challenge to find the right treatment for an anxiety disorder. But, if one treatment does not work, the odds are good that another one will. New treatments are being developed through ongoing research. If a person has recovered from an anxiety disorder and it comes back at a later date, the person can be treated again the skills you learned dealing with the disorder the first time can help you in coping with it again. As the twenty-first century begins, advances in pharmacology, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and learning theory have allowed us to reach a more therapeutically useful conceptualization of OCD. Although the causes of the disorder still elude us, the recent identification of children with OCD caused by an autoimmune response to group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection promises to bring increased understanding of the disorder’s pathogenesis. References (n. d). Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Washington, District of Columbia, US: US Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health; the National Women's Health Information Center. Retrieved from PsycEXTRA http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=pxh&AN=303972004-001&site=ehost-livedatabase. Depression & Anxiety (1091-4269); 2008, Vol. 25 Issue 9, p761-767, 7p, 3 Charts, 2 http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=a9h&AN=34281062&site=ehost-live Abel, J. (1994, March). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Interdisciplinary Treatment May Be Best. Clinician's Research Digest, p. . Retrieved from PsycEXTRA database. Stanford Medicine  » School of Medicine  » Departments  » Psychiatry  » OCD Research »Treatment http://ocd. stanford. edu/treatment/history. html Symptoms of OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)http://counsellingresource. com/distress/anxiety-disorders/obsessive-compulsive. html The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is part of the National Institutes of H ealth (NIH), a component of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. http://www. nimh. nih. gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/index. shtml

Citizen Kane - Considering Kan essays

Citizen Kane - Considering Kan essays Citizen Kane (Welles, 1941) is a Classic Hollywood film that ultimately defies the conventions of Classic Hollywood cinema (1917-1960, but at a peak from the mid 1930s to the end of the war), and it is for this very reason that the film continues to be valued so highly and discussed so keenly. The film emulates and yet defies various aspects of then-contemporary filmic production mise-en-scene, cinematography, genre and narrative structure and successfully introduced radical techniques of production into the Classic Hollywood canon of work. The film thus toes the line between being meticulously formulaic and exquisitely avant-garde so masterfully, that it easily escapes classification. Various aspects of Citizen Kane stand out as notable when considering its contribution and challenge to classic Hollywood filmmaking. The filmmakers experimented with lighting techniques and set design, which brought new depth and scope to the mise-en-scene of the film. These advances were underscored by the revolutionary cinematography of Gregg Toland wherein he perfected the deep focus technique in an attempt to recreate a human eye view of each scene (Perilli, 2002: 557). The narrative structure also introduced new patterns of storytelling, and challenged the concept of single-genre plots by introducing various story threads, each consisting of formulated, generic narrative elements. The editing and shot transitions, along with artfully constructed shots allow the film to move smoothly and lyrically. Consequently, this Oscar-winning screenplay, artfully woven onto celluloid by the aforementioned techniques, brought a captivating character to the post-depression, wartime audienc es of the United States and provided powerful social commentary through the life of Charles Foster Kane. Citizen Kane was made in 1941, at the peak of production in Hollywood of a number of highly stylized and well-regarded films. T...

African American Heritage Paper Essay Example for Free (#2)

African American Heritage Paper Essay African (466) , Heritage (34) , American heritage (6) company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints ? This paper explores the African American heritage and also identifies the significance of nurses being culturally aware, sensitive and competent when caring for people of African American heritage. Although these terms mentioned above are used interchangeably, they have different meanings. Cultural awareness is appreciating the external or material part of the culture, such as the music, arts, and physical characteristics, and dress. Cultural sensitivity is the personal attitudes toward the culture, such as not saying things that is offensive to someone from a different ethnic or cultural background (Purnell,2013, p. Cultural competence is putting it all together; by using your knowledge to provide culturally congruent care and to be able to work effectively with people in cross- cultural situations. African Americans are the second largest ethnocultural groups in the United States; however, it is one of the most misunderstood cultures. This culture is so unique because they have mixed their cultures from their different homes of origin in Africa, along with American culture. This paper overviews the history, communications, family roles, workforce issues, biocultural ecology, high-risk behaviors, pregnancy and childbearing practices, spirituality, health care practices, nutrition, and death rituals in the African American culture. It is important that nurses see themselves as becoming culturally competent when caring for African Americans, and this involves incorporating cultural desire, cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, and cultural encounter with the people of African American heritage (Campinha-Bacote, 2009). 2 A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE One of the largest minority groups in the United States, African Americans culture includes the various cultural traditions of different African ethnic groups. â€Å"Data from the U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (2001) reveals that there are approximately 34,333,000 African Americans residing in the United States, representing 12. 1% of the total population† (Campinha-Bacote, 2009). They were forcibly imported into the United States as slaves from 1619 to 1860 (Purnell, 2013, p. 21). During slavery, they incorporated their culture from their homes of origin, and as a result, their culture included several cultural traditions of African ethnic groups. Many African Americans live in poverty due to discrimination and lack of proper education. Most families of African American heritage value education, but they still struggle to have equal representation in the workplace, and are more likely to work in a hazardous environment, resulting in job related diseases and illness. Due to the lower-level positions and the difficulty in achieving higher opportunities in the workplace, some African Americans continue to feel discouraged. Nurses need to address discrimination and also issues that create ethnic or racial tension in the workplace. English is the language spoken by African Americans, however, people of lower socio economical status communicate in an informal language known as African American English (AAE) (Purnell, 2013, p. 22). According to Campinha-Bacote (2009), the major problem that AAE speakers face is prejudice. Most people believe that AAE is inferior to Standard American English. As a result, African Americans who speak AAE are sometimes misinterpreted as being uneducated. Nurses should be aware not to stereotype African Americans as only speaking AAE, and also not to stereotype them as uneducated based on the way they communicate. African Americans are expressive when 3. A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE communicating and often use body languages to convey their feelings. Their expressive language and body movement can be misconstrued as anger or provocation. Nurses need to be familiar with these characteristics and not misinterpret them. As a nurse, when interacting with African Americans for the first time, be sure to address them formally, until given permission to use other names, such as their first name. The African-American family has evolved over the last two decades and still continues to evolve. A person that is brought up in a traditional nuclear family is more likely to continue that tradition. Whereas, a person that is brought up in a single parent home is more likely to continue that same tradition. Although these situations are more likely, they are not always so. To provide the most competent care, the best thing for the nurse to do would be to ask the patient in a non-judgmental way about family dynamics and also ask them what they would feel the most comfortable with when it comes to decision making for their care. The nurse should then accept this decision. Being knowledgeable about this cultural group’s family values and beliefs are crucial for providing care for the African American patient (Revell & McGhee, 2012). A high percentage of African American households are matriarchal and fall below poverty level. With that being said, it is wise for nurses to make a point of including women when discussing health care issues. Nurses also should take note when dealing with homosexual individuals in this ethnic group, not to break confidence by sharing their lifestyles with others. This information can jeopardize and cause conflicts within the family and ruin relationships. Romantic relationships of the same-sex are not totally acceptable within this culture. 4 A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE As in many culture, social status is important in African American community. African Americans are often met with negative atmosphere and prejudice attitudes based on their cultural background and skin color. Assumptions are made based on AAE spoken by some as an indication of unintelligence and the lack of education. These assumptions sometimes affect employment opportunities and job promotions. Nurses should be cautious not to fall into the stereotyping African Americans based on these characteristics. African American skin color ranges from light to very dark due to the combination of a gene pool of more than 100 racial strains (Purnell, 2013, p. 25). When assessing for cyanosis in dark-skinned African Americans, be sure to pay attention to the oral mucosa or conjunctiva. When assessing for pallor, note the absence of the underlying red tones that give the skin it’s glow. Lastly, when observing for jaundice, be sure to look at the sclera of the eyes, the soles of the feet, and the palms of the hands for any yellow discoloration (25). Health care is a luxury that low socioeconomic African Americans may not be able to afford. Meeting their daily needs takes priority over what they believe to be minor health issues. Consequently, diseases that could be treatable might end up being a life- threatening situation. African Americans are family orientated, because of this; some tend to initially seek medical attention from family members rather than going to a health care professional. Health care professionals need to be aware of this and work toward teaching and distributing health information via church and community centers. Most African American women are against abortion due to religious, cultural, and moral beliefs. As a result, there is a delay in making a decision until it becomes too late. 5 A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE Family support is crucial for pregnant African American women. Gichia (2000) studied and found out that African American women look for role models such as older female relatives, or if they have none, they look for someone who seemed like a mother to them, such as a neighbor. These role models can provide the pregnant woman and new mother with needed support. According to Abbyad & Robertson (2011), nurses caring for pregnant African American women need to be informed about the variety of ways in which childbirth preparation can occur, as in any other group of pregnant women. Moreover, nurses need to consider the ways in which their attitudes and behaviors send unwelcoming messages to African American women seeking prenatal care or childbirth classes. These attitudes can discourage the African American woman in seeking further care. â€Å"Culturally competent care for the childbearing African American woman includes addressing all components of care including the use of complementary and alternative medicine† (Revell, 2012). The childbirth nurse that is providing culturally competent care should be aware that the perceived norm is different for every family. African Americans are spiritual and are usually affiliated with some religious order. Historically, the church has played a major role in the life of African American culture. The church is a place where they can meet on common grounds. Faith and prayer is one of the most important attributes of Christian African Americans. They believe that God has the power to heal them, and he also has the power not to. They believe that whatever happens to them is according to God’s will. Food is very valuable in the African American culture. It symbolizes health and wealth. It is derived from African descent. When food is offered to someone, it means that the person is valued; and by offering food, they are given you something that is 6 A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE valuable to them. When it comes to nutrition, some African American diets are high in cholesterol and fats. According to James (2004), â€Å"African Americans will need information on basic nutrition topics such as serving sizes and reading food labels†. Nurses that work in African American communities should be involved in programs that promote healthy food choices. These programs can specifically be developed for churches, neighborhood grocery stores, and local restaurants. â€Å"Health disparities among the African-American population include life expectancy, heart disease, hypertension, infant morality and morbidity rates, cancer, sickle cell diseases, HIV/AIDS, violence, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and asthma† (Campinha-Bacote, 2009). Unfortunately, they have the tendency to see a health care professional only when absolutely necessary. â€Å" Health is viewed as harmony with nature, whereas illness is seen as a disruption in this harmonic state due to demons† (Purnell,2013, p. 33). Recognize and support your patient cultural behaviors and believes to promote healthy interactions. In addition, always provide factual information about health practices that may not be understood due to their cultural believes and cultural differences. In conclusion, it is recommended that nurses familiarize themselves with cultural specific information in order to provide cultural competent care in African American community. Nurses should consider the following question: â€Å"In caring for African- American patients, have I asked myself the right questions. † It is important for nurses to be aware of their biases and prejudices toward African Americans. In addition, they should possess the needed skills to conduct a cultural assessment while possessing knowledge of this cultural group (Campinha-Bacote, 2009). Lastly, nurses should always 7 A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE have the desire to become culturally competent not just with African American patients, but any patient that has been placed in their charge. 8 A NURSING METHOD TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE Resources Abbyad, C. , & Robertson, T. (2011). African American Women’s Preparation for Childbirth From the Perspective of African American Health-Care Providers. Journal Of Perinatal Education, 20(1), 45-53. doi:10. 1891/1058-1243. 20. 1. 45 Campinha-Bacote, J. (2009). Culture and diversity issues. A culturally competent model of care for African Americans. Urologic Nursing, 29(1), 49-54. Gichia, J. E, (2000), Mothers and others: African-American women’s preparation for motherhood. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing, 25(2), 86-91, James, D. (2004). Factors influencing food choices, dietary intake, and nutrition-related attitudes among African Americans: application of a culturally sensitive model. Ethnicity & Health, 9(4), 349-367. Purnell, L. D. (2009). People of African American Heritage. Guide to culturally competent health care (2nd ed. , p. 21-35). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Co. Revell, M. A. , & McGhee, M. N. (2012). Evolution of the African American Family. International Journal Of Childbirth Education, 27(4), 44-48. Revell, M. A. (2012). Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the African American Culture. International Journal Of Childbirth Education, 27(3), 55-59. African American Heritage Paper. (2016, Dec 19).

Collective Bargaining at West University Case Study

Collective Bargaining at West University - Case Study Example In this case it seemed that the school was the one opposed to allowing the workers to unionize or allow another union to speak on their behalf. As employees there is another disturbing aspect to living and working in a right-to work state. Under that law a company can terminate an employee without cause, wrong-doing, or explanation; being part of a union would allow for a level of job security that many businesses may be disagreeable with. After all if the majority of their employees become part of unions then their freedom to down size their staff becomes more and more limited. A survey conducted showing that more than 50% of employees not presently in any kind of union, suffer from feelings of vulnerability, which negatively effects their efficiency and productivity in the workplace (Larsen, 2011). In this case the law found in favor of the RAs and CDAs, so in this case the law seemed to be on the side of the union. 2. Do you think teaching assistants should be considered employees ? Yes, even if their labor is exchanged for credits, school related funds, and because it looks good on their transcripts and resumes in the future, student workers should still be qualify as employees. The contention involves the necessity of employers to allow employees to freely unionize. However by proving that teaching assistants, RAs, and CDAs are not, actually, employees then the laws regarding unionization and collective bargaining would, simply, not apply to them (McHugh, 2011).The time that they spend is not their time, they are given schedules, duties, and responsibilities that they must complete in order to complete their job. However, they are still required to be treated with respect, consideration, and in ways conducive to the rules and policies that apply to all employees. If they are not considered employees then there are no realistic protections for how they are treated and the condition under which they may work. They are employees and just because they may not a lways be paid via actual monies they should still have the right to question how they are treated and have the right to negotiate the duties of their job expectations. According to the research the turnover rates of RAs is quite high, the hours, lack of perks, the aggression, and retaliation of disgruntles students who do not respect their authority makes the job unbearable and not worth it, essentially. The University may save monies in the long run by listening to the demands of the staff members, making changes to solve issues, and limit the turnover and wasted training costs over the course of the school year. 3. Do you think management's reaction to employee interest in unionization differs if the employer already has a high union density among other employee groups? Yes, I think that it does make a difference. In today’s modern society right-to-work states have the freedom and privilege of terminating their staff without any reason or cause, which relieves them of any r esponsibility to their employees. When employers already have a number of involved unions it limits their ability to thin out their staff as they see fit. They may become eager to discourage further unionization for that reason. In the case presented, and as mentioned before, the school is working so hard to verify that the segment of their staff that wants to unionize cannot and they cannot be represented by another

Reflective account Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Reflective account - Essay Example First, this benefitted their company by producing quality service through their specialized skilled laborers. They gained the industry’s acclaim as the Best Large Company Apprenticeship in 2008. Because of their passion for becoming good at what they are doing, they acquired more clients in the business. I personally liked this initiative by the company because if I become part of their company one day, they would support my career and equip me with trainings that would make me an asset to their business. In terms of human resource development, A & P also shows the same level of dedication to their employees well-being. For example, many employees have been with them for the last thirty years. Nowadays, it is rare to see such cases of loyalty because competitors abound in a certain industry. In this case, it seems that A & P has been very good to its employees as well to their families because they remained to work for this company. In fact, a lot of old employees have forecas ted their retirement years with A & P. I was able to ask one of the employees and ask why they remained in this company and he just said† it’s like a family here†. Indeed, this is amazing and makes me interested to work here too. I also noticed that A & P observes strict regulations when it comes to safety. Areas are marked properly as well personal equipment that must be worn to keep them safe. Nothing is scattered that can cause accidents and every material is properly stored and labeled. Because of this, workers feel safe in their work environment and perform with their best effort. Aside from their focus on human resource development, I was impressed by how Pendennis manages its business development under the excellent leadership of Mr.Toby Allies. He is very professional in his dealings and takes the customer’s needs at heart. Even the five sectors under the sales and marketing department are very serious in taking notes of the customer’s commen ts. This just exemplifies good business practice, since they take care of their customers and make them feel valued. Many customers appreciate the ease of communication with the different departments inside the company since their needs or requests are promptly met. This shows that Pendennis is an open organization that is willing to innovate itself by meeting the expectations of its customers. Actually, they even go beyond what is asked of them because they inquire from customers what else they need. From what I saw, it must be exciting to work on one of their sectors and customize solutions that would please the customers. Likewise, it must also be satisfying to do business with this company because my demands would not just be met but also surpassed. Another surprising thing that I learned about Pendennis is that they only accept a number of projects at a time. This demonstrates their ability to focus on current projects instead of aiming to make more profit with many projects. T his may seem sort of a weakness to other companies, but I would appreciate this as a customer. This means that the company is willing to give its full attention to my needs adding more value to their service. In return, I would refer them to other businesses I know that would bring them more clients. Despite these advantages provided by Pendennis, A & P has a leverage when it comes to servicing customers overseas. The staff can travel to any

Industrial Revolution and Unemployment in UK Essay

Industrial Revolution and Unemployment in UK - Essay Example Certainly, the revolution implicated increased per capita in the society, but the problem was that the rate of unemployment increased and the semiskilled laborers were rendered inefficient thus they lose their employment positions (Wilson 142). However, the rate of unemployment challenged all individuals in the UK society since the revolution presented a definite boundary between the employers and employees. Ideally, United Kingdom was the first economy that witnessed fast revolutionary changes during the industrial edge, and the people witnessed inequities in securing employment positions. Further, the differences between the society emerged in accordance to social classes, genders, and the levels of literacy challenged the society adversely. For example, an historical factory worker named Edward Carpenter from Wales who previously served as a weaver lost his employment in the height industrial revolution. Since Richard Arkwright’s introduction of the Spinning Jenny, Edward s ecured an employment position as a factory superintendent in the late 19th century involved himself in a series of deeds that led to his death, and the death of a female factory worker. The following discussion evaluates the various existing arguments on the effects of the industrial revolution with an outline of the subsequent impacts that it presented to the society. Lastly, the discussion shall also involve Edward Carpenter social life and economic progress in the United Kingdom’s society during the industrial revolution period (Garside 68). An argumentative discussion on Edward Carpenter’s issues during the industrial revolution period Arguably, the industrial revolution influenced the English society to embark on various social and economic changes during the period. Edward was a weaver and having lived during the period, he worked at the Edmund Cartwright Looming Company to carry out managerial duties (Hill 241). However, the predominant aspect in Edward’s life is that the weaving community reigned over the UK’s clothing groups thus; he was able to secure a senior position in the looming firm despite the norm that the young generation was overly accepted as the most efficient workers in the factories thus rendering most of the mature population unacceptable in the society. Similarly, industrial revolution seemed the most influential factor to social divisions as the society recurred to the use of employer and employee title depending on the position that one held in the labor industry (Wilson 146). Differences in the UK society highlighted that the industrial race introduced many of the technological advancements that led to the loss of tenure for the self-employed individuals since a task that was previously undertaken by a broad number of individuals in the society transformed abruptly to require a few workers and the use of machines to produce a worthwhile output. Therefore, such changes transformed the economical perspecti ve of Edward. Preferably, he turned out to be an employee who had limited time for other activities while his former weaving profession enabled him to address family, and other social issues (Tosh 75). Edward Carpenter’s undocumented history impounds the anti-social practices that existed during the time (Wilson 148). Child labor was prevalent, but it was poorly addressed during the industrial edge. The struggling character’s practices posed poor approaches to production, and delivery of the looms since he lacked factory-working skills, which differed broadly with his former weaving skills. Mainly, the use of machinery rendered hand weaving a useless tenure since the invented

Dangal Film Analysis

Dangal Film Analysis DANGAL Dangal, a wrestling competition is an Indian Hindi-language biographical sports drama film directed by Nitesh Tiwari and produced by Aamir Khan and Sidharth Roy Kapur with the star cast Aamir Khan as Mahavir Singh Phogat, who taught wrestling to his daughters Geeta Phogat, Indias first wrestler to win gold medal at Commonwealth Games, 2010 in 55 kg category and Babita Kumari. A silver medalist in 55 kg category. Dangal was released on an estimated 4300 screens in India and 100 screens internationally on 23rd December, 2016 and in the United States on 21 December. Box Office India declared this movie as All Time Blockbuster and emerged as the highest grossing Hindi film domestically, and the second highest paid Indian film of all time with the worldwide collection of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹741.08 crore (US$110 million). a) Major characters Aamir Khan: Aamir Khan as Mahavir Singh Phogat, who taught wrestling to his daughters Geeta Phogat and Babita Kumari. Fatima Sana Shaikh: Fatima Sana Shaikh played a role of Geeta Phogat, a freestyle wrestler who won Indias first ever gold medal in wrestling at the Commonwealth Games, in 2010. She is also the first-ever Indian woman wrestler to have qualified for the Olympics. Sanya Malhotra: Sanya Malhotra played a role of Babita Kumari, sister of Geeta Phogat who won the silver medal in wrestling for India under the training of her father Mahavir Singh Phogat. b) Minor charactes Aparshakti Khurana: Aparshakti Khurana, as a character of Omkar who was also a cousin brother of Geeta Phogar and Babita Kumari, helped them in their training as an opponent and provide support to Mahavir Singh Phogat in all conditions. Girish Kulkarni: Girish Kulkarni, as a Coach Pramod Kadam was the trainer of   Geeta Phogat when she admitted in the institute for higher level coaching. Sakshi Tanwar: Daya Kaur, a mother of Geeta Phogat and Babita Kumari and a wife of Mahavir Singh Phogat, played by Sakhi Tanwar a supportive member of family. c) Supporting Cast Name of Actor Role Zaira Wasim Young Geeta Suhani Bhatnagar Young Babita Ritwik Sahore Young Omkar Anurag Arora Mahavirs Brother Mahesh Balraj Organizer Anmol Charan Little Omkar Jagbir Government Officer Sumit Khanna Mahavirs Boss Shishir Sharma Head of Department of NSA Table 1 : Supporting Cast In order to obtain gainful employment, Mahavir Singh Phogat was forced to give up his wrestling. He was unable to win a gold medal for India and always was in the hope that his son will do his dream come true. He got disappointed when his wife gives birth to four daughters. He gave up all his dream to become a wrestler and he was treating his daughters as they are made for house hold work and not for any other thing. But when Geeta and Babita came home after beating two boys on the road then he realized that they have the potential to become something like him. Mahavir begins coaching Geeta and Babita of wrestling. His methods were too hard for little girls but he was giving training to his daughters to become hard. His training included every early morning runs and workouts and girls were got shorted hairs after arguing for no practice due to hair. Initially, the girls resent their father for his treatment but they soon realize that their father want to give them a great bright future rather than just sitting at house and cook for the family. Then the girls become motivated and started to participate willingly in Mahavirs coaching. Mahavir started to take girls to wrestling tournaments and he fixed the matches against the boys and Geeat and Babita always beat those boys. Geeta started her progress toward wrestling and won the Junior Internationals and she was selected for further training in an institute in Patiala. Geeta made friends at the institute and begins to break the discipline that she has been given by her father. She started watching TV, eating street food, and grows her hair longer. Her coachs training completely differs from her fathers techniques. Geeta believes that Mahavirs techniques are outdated and her coachs techniques are well implemented. After a long time when she come back home, she is determined to show her father she can wrestle well without his techniques. But Mahavir lost against her due to age and Geeta went back to her institute by leaving the home. Babita told Geeta that she shouldnt forget her fathers techniques because what she is now only due her father. Babita also admitted to that institute with Geeta. Geeta was losing every match because she was not following her fathers techniques. After realizing her error, she calmly makes peace with Mahavir. Mahavir comes to the institute and begins coaching Geeta and Babita, with the same methods as they learned before. Their coach is furious with Mahavirs interference and realize that his will lost due to Mahavir and he started to make tries to keep away Mahavir from the institute. But Mahavir was act as smart and he started to observe Geetas mistake from her previous matches recordings and continues to assist her through the phone. During Geetas bouts in the Commonwealth Games, Mahavir was constantly giving the instructions to her while sitting in the audience and she started to disregard her coach and follows her fathers instructions and wins every match. Just before the final bout, Geetas jealous coach conspires to lock Mahavir in a closet far away from the arena. Despite her fathers absence, Geeta manages to win the final bout and becomes the first Indian female wrestler to win gold. Mahavir returns just in time to embrace his daughters, frustrating the coachs hopes of obtaining credit before the news media. Babita also won gold medal in wrestling at the Commonwealth Games in 2014, while Geeta became the first Indian female wrestler to qualify for the Olympics and besides all that Mahavirs efforts inspired dozens of Indian women to participate in wrestling. Figure 10 : Original Characters of the Story As the movie was based on the real life struggle and achievement, it credited as the all time blockbuster. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that the film holds an 83% approval rating, based on 6 reviews, with an average score of 7.3/10. Dangal became the 2nd Indian film to cross the à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹700 crore (US$100 million) mark after PK. Dangal is second Indian film to gross more than Rs 200 crore in overseas markets, after PK grossed US$46.52 million (Rs 294 crore). The film earned à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹29.78 crore (US$4.4 million) on its 1st day which is recorded as the 2nd highest non-holiday opening. The film continued collection on its second day also with à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹34.82 crore (US$5.2 million) and on the third day it was à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹42.35 crore (US$6.3 million) taking the first weekend collections to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¹106.95 crore (US$16 million). Dangal became the highest grossing Indian film domestically by beating Aamir Khans previous film PK on 9th January, 2017 Here is some data shows the box office collections of Dangal in comparison of other movies. Dangal, a wrestling competition, made as the biography of Geeta Phogat, a fist woman gold medalist in Commonwealth Games and her sister Babita Kumari, a silver medalist. This film shows the real struggle of these sisters and also her father who left his dream to become a world champion for his family. But he trained his daughters made them capable to win his left dream. Overall, this is the inspiring movie for specially girls who has special talents, but due to their family restrictions, they are not able to complete their dream.

How My Cousin Manuel Brought Home A Wife :: essays papers

How My Cousin Manuel Brought Home A Wife Manuel Arguilla and Charlson Ong’s stories may have an almost similar title, with each of the main characters bringing home a wife who is different from the local people. However, the newer version addresses a much more serious issue. In Charlson Ong’s â€Å"How My Cousin Manuel Brought Home A Wife†, the writer used contrast of characters(particularly Consuelo and Mei Lu) and contemporary language to show that even in the modern age, racial discrimination still exists and destroys one’s happiness. Hearing about his son’s return with a Brazilian wife, Mei Lu is devastated. Her agony clearly worsens to the extreme upon seeing her daughter-in-law: Consuelo, a huge and black woman whom she describes as â€Å"bigger than the great wall and blacker than the pit of her kettle†. â€Å"She might learn to live with the fact of a foreign daughter-in-law, Spanish-speaking and all. But Consuelo? The woman simply failed to strike me as being in the universe of possibilities Aunt Mei Lu could imagine.† It is made clear by the writer in these lines that a foreign daughter-in-law of a skin color other than black would be bearable for Mei Lu. Mother says Carlos should not have brought Consuelo to the house. But did they not send Carlos to the airport to bring the couple back home? Apparently, they were expecting a white Brazilian. At 70 and being â€Å"from an age where the word beauty conjured a fairness often described as being edible and where petite, teen-age, virgin brides were tucked neatly into fragile sedan chairs fit for babes†, Mei Lu can not accept the fact of having Consuelo, who has just the opposite qualities, as the wife of her only son. She regards Consuelo as subhuman. This she reveals by her wailing: â€Å"You call that a daughter-in-law?† Furthermore, she associates Consuelo’s black skin color with evil. Eventhough she has not spoken a word to Consuelo, except for the words â€Å"O kui† she called to her face, Mei Lu automatically as sumes that she tried to kill Manuel, who was actually saved through Consuelo’s psychic abilities, and is only after Manuel’s money, which is not as much as Mei Lu thinks at all.

Southwest Airline Company

What this means is that their primary goal within the company IS to add value in their offered services toward their customers, focusing on delivering both low cost and high quality. This is combined with a focus on the employees within the organization. CEO Herb Keller exemplifies this through stating that the philosophy of the company is to take good care of employees first which in result will lead to the employees taking care of the companies customers.We argue that the companies' competitive advantage ices primarily in its cost-UCM strategy. Southwest has chosen to differentiate themselves to the domestic market which means that they reduced the geographical scope of their flashlights to only offer domestic flights. This in combination with a decentralized organization has given the company the chance to specialize in a particular area while also allowing them to cut costs, ergo a cost-UCM strategy.Another competitive advantage is gained through a loose based control strategy. W e argue that Southwest works towards empowering their employees, basically giving them more responsibility and authority to manage their jobs and respective departments. An example of this is the unique hiring process they enforce, where the respective vocations interview and hire their peers. To quote the book â€Å"I hire good people and I leave them alone to do their jobs†. A quote that closely resembles CEO Herd Sleeker's philosophy.This can also be argued as a competitive advantage for the corporation since the high level of organizational decentralization empowers the workers and supports the organizational culture. This is an example of informal structure, which Southwest exercise. Informal structure is built very much on trust. In combination with a decentralized organization that employs loose based control strategy, as is the case with Southwest, trust is crucial. Even with the high level of trust within Southwest, there are still a set of rules to which the employe es must adhere.

The Effects of Social Norms on Society

Dr. Kenneth Hoffman Sociology 200-302 2 January 2013 The Effects of Social Norms on Society In a world where routine is dominant and change is difficult to adhere by, social norms have become major assets for a smoothly functioning day. With the experiment of breaking normative behavior I wanted to do something subtle yet startling. Sometimes the smallest changes in behavior receive the toughest adjustments. First impressions have a strong influence on a person’s relationship with someone else. With that being said, I decided to change the way I went about greeting people.The opening greeting of shaking hands and smiling has become so common it has lost value and become routine. The subtle change I made to my greeting was that I decided to only say my name in a monotone voice and shake hands with the wrong hand, leading to responses of surprise, unease, and sometimes anger. With most people being right handed, I have made the assumption that this could be why the common greeti ng is to shake with one’s right hand. The â€Å"normal† greeting is to smile, say hello, and shake with your right hand. People have taken what use to be excitement to seeing each other to going through common motions repeated multiple times.This greeting is a sign that one may have come from a proper upbringing and family, possibly middle to upper class. It is also taken as a common sign of acceptance to strangers meeting for the first time. My sample size of people ranged from people of all ages and relationships to me. I decided I would greet with a plain face and state my name and reach out with my left hand with all introductions. People who did not know me well believed I was unpleasant and felt awkward. My new greeting was taken with surprise, as people who know me well believed I was in a bad mood or having a bad day.If I don’t do the norm I’m considered upset and negative. From the experiment I learned that people commonly receive me as joyful an d energetic. In a way my own personal norm has evolved into me being upbeat whether my day has been good or bad. All people react to different stimuli in their own way. With that being said, I was surprised to find that out of the 20+ people I greeted against the norm, only one gave my greeting a â€Å"normal† response without interruption. The lone person was a 12 year old boy I see regularly and he just continued what he was doing without a hint of awkwardness.The older people would teach and try to correct what they took as my â€Å"ignorance† toward a common greeting. A few of these older experimentees actually refused to shake my hand unless it was a right handed shake. People around the same age as me were awkward with a sarcastic manner, laughed, or just went ahead and shook my left hand after a moment of hesitation. With all the immediate responses having large variance, the most correlated response was that people thought there was something wrong with my well -being and tried to cheer me up.The overall response to the experiment ended up being quite humorous. It also opened my eyes to how much the people in my life care about me. While I expected the awkward moments, I expected more people to just go along with it and not be startled. Even the slightest changes in one’s actions can affect the response and mood of how people interact with one another. In this case, it was subtle yet changed the entire complexion of the exchanges between the people I intercepted. With responses ranging from laughter to confusion, the smallest changes in normative behavior can have most astonishing results.

The Olive essays

The Olive essays Olives were one of the first fruits to be domesticated. It was domesticated by the people of the island of Crete 5,000 years ago. Since then the Olive has become a very important resource and contributed greatly to the trade and development of culture in and around the Mediterranean. This trade started soon after the olive was domesticated. Solon of Greece later decided that there should not be any trade of Olives outside Greece. This result in a mass expansion of the amount of Olive trees because they became very popular for domestic use After the trade ban was lifted it became the most important export of Greece, and the most important import of many other lands. Today olives continue to be important to the economic development of the countries around the Mediterranean and are now a multi-billion dollar industry all over the world. The Olive has become a very important resource and contributed greatly to the trade and development of culture in and around the Mediterranean. Solon ruled over Greece for over a decade and put a ban on trading Olives outside of the country . This made olives readily accessible to everyone in the mainland of Greece because if it was not sold to foreigners . Food at that time was generally given a lesser value then those things that were traded at ports . After the trading ban was lifted all of the other peoples in the Mediterranean began trading for olives and olive products which made it a very valuable commodity to Greeks . The olive then became a symbol of national pride to Greeks because it was something extremely popular with many different beneficial attributes not limited to only culinary attributes, and was well known all across the Mediterranean Sea. The Olive then began playing a vital role in the different social activities of the people of Greece, which sealed the fate of the olive as one of the most important advancements in food anywhere in the world at any point of history . ...